The most important dimensions of quality of life, according to the participants in this study, were health, family and finances. Depression was the main determinant of both. The objectives of this study are to detect the main components of the global quality of life (CV) of older adults living in communities from their own perspective and to identify the determinants of global and health-related quality of life in the same population. This is a cross-sectional study that covers a representative sample of 1,106 adults aged 60 and over who live in the community and who reside in Spain.
The survey collected information on quality of life through a face-to-face interview in which the components of quality of life were requested in free format, as well as the completion of two measures of quality of life, the EQ-5D and the personal well-being index. Depression was the main determinant of both quality of life indices, while functional independence and social support specifically influenced health-related quality of life and overall quality of life, respectively. Based on the perspective of older adults and on statistical analysis, this work emphasizes the importance of health, family and social support as areas of special interest in aging. There was a discrepancy when comparing findings related to the importance of the financial situation.
The results also support that global and health-related quality of life share some common determinants, but with different weighting in terms of functional independence and social support. Quality of life (CV) is a concept that aims to capture the well-being of a population or individual in relation to positive and negative elements throughout their existence at a specific time. For example, common facets of quality of life include personal health (physical, mental, and spiritual), relationships, educational level, work environment, social status, wealth, a sense of security and protection, freedom, autonomy in decision-making, social belonging, and the physical environment. Quality of life (CV) refers to the degree of satisfaction, or sense of well-being, experienced by people in organizations, including universities.
The quality of life experienced by students at a university increases when they believe that their needs are aligned with the objectives of the university because they perceive that the university responds to their needs. University quality of life (QuL) refers to students' ability to stabilize their lives with regard to social activities, academic performance, health, and spirituality. A study was carried out to investigate the responsibility of the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) in Malaysia, in terms of teaching and learning. The objective of this article is to identify and evaluate the determinants of models for measuring quality of life and quality of life. Data was collected from 788 students who answered a set of questionnaires from nine faculties.
The factorial analysis carried out on the data revealed six determinants for quality of life: kindness, skills, satisfaction, interest, learning and feelings. Only two determinants, environment and quality, represented quality of life. The results indicated that the measures were highly reliable (in terms of internal consistency), based on Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.705 to 0.905 for quality of life and between 0.826 and 0.888 for quality of life. The validity of the construct was supported by average variance extraction values of more than 0.5 for QUL (0.481 - 0.72) and QoL.
The construct reliability (CR) values, which ranged from 0.623 to 0.882 for QuL and between 0.731 and 0.815 for QoL, suggested a good reliability construct. Standard quality of life indicators include wealth, employment, environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure, social belonging, religious beliefs, security and freedom. Quality of life has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, health, politics, and employment. Health-related quality of life (HRVC) is an assessment of quality of life and its relationship to health. Despite the key role of health as a determinant of quality of life, older adults do not always rank it first (Bowling 1995; Xavier et al.
On the other hand, to identify the determinants of health-related quality of life measures at the global level, two multiple linear regression models were applied. Knowledge about the determining factors at the intersection of both constructs (depression and medical conditions), those specific to global quality of life (social support and sense of coherence) and those of health-related quality of life (functional independence), has the potential to inform health and social care policies on aspects priorities for the well-being of older adults. The number of medical conditions emerged as a determining factor in the overall and health-related quality of life of older adults, a finding that points in a direction similar to that of previous research, such as the study conducted by Smith et al. Although the first objective was to search for the main dimensions of quality of life according to the participants' point of view, the second objective was to evaluate their determinants through regression analysis.
Another contribution consisted of identifying at the same time the factors that explain health-related and global quality of life, which made it possible to compare the possible determinants of these two constructs. Among the main determinants of quality of life, there is general agreement on the key role of health (Fernández Ballesteros et al. These two measures calculate the habitability of countries and cities around the world, respectively, using a combination of subjective life satisfaction surveys and objective determinants of quality of life, such as divorce rates, security and infrastructure. Combining standardized and free-form approaches by comparing the main components and determinants of quality of life identified could provide a inclusive vision of research on aging.
